Updated
Overview
Egypt has 3.2 times the population of Saudi Arabia: 118.37 million people against 36.97 million (2025).
Saudi Arabia's economy is 3.5 times the size of Egypt's, at $1.28T versus $365.25B.
Per person, Saudi Arabia is the wealthier of the two: $34,537 against $3,086 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Egypt | Saudi Arabia | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | $365.25B | Higher: $1.28T | 2025 | $389.06B / $1.24T |
| GDP per capita | $3,086 | Higher: $34,537 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | 4.4% | Higher: 4.5% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 14.1% | Lower: 2.1% | 2025 | 28.3% / 1.7% |
| Unemployment | 6.8% | Lower: 3.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 15 | 47 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $109 | Higher: $1,799 | 2024 / 2022 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $132 | Higher: $1,067 | 2024 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $2.87 | $5.06 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 118.37 million | 36.97 million | 2025 | 112.87 million / 36.54 million |
| Population growth | 1.6% | 4.6% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 24.5 yrs | 29.6 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 2.71 | 2.29 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 71.8 yrs | Higher: 79.0 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 43% | 85% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 75% | Higher: 100% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 1,002,450 km² | 2,149,690 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 118.1/km² | 17.2/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | Lower: 258 Mt | 692 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | Lower: 2.2 t | 20.4 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $2.40B | $80.33B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 0.7% | 7.3% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 836,000 | 282,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Both economies are growing at a similar pace (4.4% for Egypt, 4.5% for Saudi Arabia).
Egypt runs the hotter price environment: 14.1% inflation versus 2.1%.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in Egypt: a price level of 15 versus 47 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Saudi Arabia: $1,799 against $109 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Egypt is the younger society: median age 24.5 versus 29.6 years.
Life expectancy is 7.2 years longer in Saudi Arabia (79.0 vs 71.8).
Saudi Arabia is considerably more urbanized: 85% of people live in cities, against 43%.
Internet adoption is higher in Saudi Arabia (100% vs 75% of the population).
Geography
By land area, Egypt is 53% smaller than Saudi Arabia: 1,002,450 km² versus 2,149,690 km².
Egypt is far more densely settled: 118 people per km² against 17.
Military
Saudi Arabia spends 34 times as much on defence as Egypt: $80.33B versus $2.40B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Relative to its economy, Saudi Arabia carries the heavier military burden: 7.3% of GDP versus 0.7%.
Egypt fields the larger armed forces: 836,000 personnel against 282,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Egypt bigger than Saudi Arabia?
- Saudi Arabia is larger by land area. Egypt covers 1,002,450 km² while Saudi Arabia covers 2,149,690 km², so Saudi Arabia is 2.1 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Egypt or Saudi Arabia?
- Egypt has the larger population: 118.37 million versus 36.97 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Egypt richer than Saudi Arabia?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Saudi Arabia is richer: $34,537 against $3,086. Total GDP tells the same story: $365.25B for Egypt versus $1.28T for Saudi Arabia.
- Who spends more on their military, Egypt or Saudi Arabia?
- Saudi Arabia spends more: $80.33B versus $2.40B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).