Updated
Overview
India has 8.3 times the population of Bangladesh: 1.46 billion people against 175.69 million (2025).
India's economy is 8.7 times the size of Bangladesh's, at $3.96T versus $456.32B.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | India | Bangladesh | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $3.96T | $456.32B | 2025 | $3.91T / $450.12B |
| GDP per capita | Higher: $2,702 | $2,597 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 7.6% | 3.5% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | Lower: 2.4% | 8.8% | 2025 | 5.0% / 10.5% |
| Unemployment | 4.2% | Lower: 3.8% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 23 | 25 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | Higher: $255 | $134 | 2025 / 2024 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $55 | Higher: $108 | 2024 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $2.45 | — | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 1.46 billion | 175.69 million | 2025 | 1.42 billion / 174.37 million |
| Population growth | 0.9% | 1.2% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 28.8 yrs | 26.0 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.94 | 2.11 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 72.2 yrs | Higher: 74.9 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 36% | 33% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | Higher: 70% | 53% | 2025 / 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 3,287,590 km² | 147,570 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 445.3/km² | 1190.5/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 3,193 Mt | Lower: 108 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | 2.2 t | Lower: 0.6 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $86.13B | $4.03B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 2.3% | 0.9% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 3.1 million | 227,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
India is growing much faster: 7.6% annual GDP growth versus 3.5%.
Bangladesh runs the hotter price environment: 8.8% inflation versus 2.4%.
Average monthly earnings favour India: $255 against $134 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Bangladesh is the younger society: median age 26.0 versus 28.8 years.
Life expectancy is 2.7 years longer in Bangladesh (74.9 vs 72.2).
Internet adoption is higher in India (70% vs 53% of the population).
Geography
By land area, India is 22 times the size of Bangladesh: 3,287,590 km² versus 147,570 km².
The two share a land border, which shapes their trade, migration, and security relationship.
Bangladesh is far more densely settled: 1191 people per km² against 445.
Military
India spends 21 times as much on defence as Bangladesh: $86.13B versus $4.03B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Relative to its economy, India carries the heavier military burden: 2.3% of GDP versus 0.9%.
India fields the larger armed forces: 3.1 million personnel against 227,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is India bigger than Bangladesh?
- India is larger by land area. India covers 3,287,590 km² while Bangladesh covers 147,570 km², so India is 22 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, India or Bangladesh?
- India has the larger population: 1.46 billion versus 175.69 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is India richer than Bangladesh?
- Measured by GDP per capita, India is richer: $2,702 against $2,597. Total GDP tells the same story: $3.96T for India versus $456.32B for Bangladesh.
- Who spends more on their military, India or Bangladesh?
- India spends more: $86.13B versus $4.03B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).