Updated
Overview
India has 135 times the population of Portugal: 1.46 billion people against 10.80 million (2025).
India's economy is 11 times the size of Portugal's, at $3.96T versus $346.64B.
Per person, Portugal is the wealthier of the two: $32,082 against $2,702 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | India | Portugal | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $3.96T | $346.64B | 2025 | $3.91T / $308.68B |
| GDP per capita | $2,702 | Higher: $32,082 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 7.6% | 1.9% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 2.4% | Lower: 2.3% | 2025 | 5.0% / 2.4% |
| Unemployment | Lower: 4.2% | 6.2% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 23 | 60 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $255 | Higher: $1,426 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $55 | Higher: $1,147 | 2024 / 2025 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $2.45 | — | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 1.46 billion | 10.80 million | 2025 | 1.42 billion / 10.19 million |
| Population growth | 0.9% | 1.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 28.8 yrs | 46.9 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.94 | 1.52 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 72.2 yrs | Higher: 82.4 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 36% | 61% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 70% | Higher: 88% | 2025 / 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 3,287,590 km² | 92,090 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 445.3/km² | 117.3/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 3,193 Mt | Lower: 36 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | Lower: 2.2 t | 3.4 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $86.13B | $4.64B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 2.3% | 1.5% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 3.1 million | 52,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
India is growing much faster: 7.6% annual GDP growth versus 1.9%.
Inflation is comparable in both: 2.4% in India and 2.3% in Portugal.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in India: a price level of 23 versus 60 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Portugal: $1,426 against $255 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
India is the far younger society: median age 28.8 versus 46.9 years.
Life expectancy is 10.1 years longer in Portugal (82.4 vs 72.2).
Portugal is considerably more urbanized: 61% of people live in cities, against 36%.
Internet adoption is higher in Portugal (88% vs 70% of the population).
Geography
By land area, India is 36 times the size of Portugal: 3,287,590 km² versus 92,090 km².
India is far more densely settled: 445 people per km² against 117.
Military
India spends 19 times as much on defence as Portugal: $86.13B versus $4.64B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
India fields the larger armed forces: 3.1 million personnel against 52,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is India bigger than Portugal?
- India is larger by land area. India covers 3,287,590 km² while Portugal covers 92,090 km², so India is 36 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, India or Portugal?
- India has the larger population: 1.46 billion versus 10.80 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is India richer than Portugal?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Portugal is richer: $32,082 against $2,702. Total GDP tells a different story: $3.96T for India versus $346.64B for Portugal.
- Who spends more on their military, India or Portugal?
- India spends more: $86.13B versus $4.64B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).