Updated
Overview
Peru has 3.2 times the population of Portugal: 34.58 million people against 10.80 million (2025).
Their economies are close in size: $334.85B for Peru and $346.64B for Portugal.
Per person, Portugal is the wealthier of the two: $32,082 against $9,684 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Peru | Portugal | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | $334.85B | Higher: $346.64B | 2025 | $289.22B / $308.68B |
| GDP per capita | $9,684 | Higher: $32,082 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 3.4% | 1.9% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | Lower: 1.5% | 2.3% | 2025 | 2.0% / 2.4% |
| Unemployment | Lower: 5.1% | 6.2% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 51 | 60 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $563 | Higher: $1,426 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $273 | Higher: $1,147 | 2024 / 2025 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $4.99 | — | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 34.58 million | 10.80 million | 2025 | 32.77 million / 10.19 million |
| Population growth | 1.0% | 1.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 30.2 yrs | 46.9 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.94 | 1.52 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 77.9 yrs | Higher: 82.4 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 86% | 61% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 82% | Higher: 88% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 1,285,216 km² | 92,090 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 26.9/km² | 117.3/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 70 Mt | Lower: 36 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | Lower: 2.1 t | 3.4 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $2.57B | $4.64B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 0.9% | 1.5% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 158,000 | 52,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Peru is growing faster: 3.4% annual GDP growth versus 1.9%.
Inflation is comparable in both: 1.5% in Peru and 2.3% in Portugal.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in Peru: a price level of 51 versus 60 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Portugal: $1,426 against $563 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Peru is the far younger society: median age 30.2 versus 46.9 years.
Life expectancy is 4.4 years longer in Portugal (82.4 vs 77.9).
Peru is considerably more urbanized: 86% of people live in cities, against 61%.
Geography
By land area, Peru is 14 times the size of Portugal: 1,285,216 km² versus 92,090 km².
Portugal is far more densely settled: 117 people per km² against 27.
Military
Portugal spends about 80% more on defence than Peru: $4.64B versus $2.57B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Peru fields the larger armed forces: 158,000 personnel against 52,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Peru bigger than Portugal?
- Peru is larger by land area. Peru covers 1,285,216 km² while Portugal covers 92,090 km², so Peru is 14 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Peru or Portugal?
- Peru has the larger population: 34.58 million versus 10.80 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Peru richer than Portugal?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Portugal is richer: $32,082 against $9,684. Total GDP tells the same story: $334.85B for Peru versus $346.64B for Portugal.
- Who spends more on their military, Peru or Portugal?
- Portugal spends more: $4.64B versus $2.57B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).