Updated
Overview
Spain has about 45% more people than Peru: 49.36 million against 34.58 million (2025).
Spain's economy is 5.7 times the size of Peru's, at $1.91T versus $334.85B.
Per person, Spain is the wealthier of the two: $38,627 against $9,684 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Spain | Peru | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $1.91T | $334.85B | 2025 | $1.72T / $289.22B |
| GDP per capita | Higher: $38,627 | $9,684 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | 2.8% | Higher: 3.4% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 2.7% | Lower: 1.5% | 2025 | 2.8% / 2.0% |
| Unemployment | 10.4% | Lower: 5.1% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 65 | 51 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | Higher: $3,574 | $563 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | Higher: $1,561 | $273 | 2025 / 2024 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | — | $4.99 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 49.36 million | 34.58 million | 2025 | 47.28 million / 32.77 million |
| Population growth | 1.0% | 1.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 45.9 yrs | 30.2 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.23 | 1.94 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | Higher: 83.9 yrs | 77.9 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 81% | 86% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | Higher: 96% | 82% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 505,992 km² | 1,285,216 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 97.5/km² | 26.9/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 220 Mt | Lower: 70 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | 4.6 t | Lower: 2.1 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $24.62B | $2.57B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 1.4% | 0.9% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 199,000 | 158,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Peru is growing faster: 3.4% annual GDP growth versus 2.8%.
Inflation is comparable in both: 2.7% in Spain and 1.5% in Peru.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in Peru: a price level of 51 versus 65 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Spain: $3,574 against $563 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Peru is the far younger society: median age 30.2 versus 45.9 years.
Life expectancy is 5.9 years longer in Spain (83.9 vs 77.9).
Internet adoption is higher in Spain (96% vs 82% of the population).
Geography
By land area, Spain is 61% smaller than Peru: 505,992 km² versus 1,285,216 km².
Spain is far more densely settled: 98 people per km² against 27.
Military
Spain spends 9.6 times as much on defence as Peru: $24.62B versus $2.57B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Spain fields the larger armed forces: 199,000 personnel against 158,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Spain bigger than Peru?
- Peru is larger by land area. Spain covers 505,992 km² while Peru covers 1,285,216 km², so Peru is 2.5 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Spain or Peru?
- Spain has the larger population: 49.36 million versus 34.58 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Spain richer than Peru?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Spain is richer: $38,627 against $9,684. Total GDP tells the same story: $1.91T for Spain versus $334.85B for Peru.
- Who spends more on their military, Spain or Peru?
- Spain spends more: $24.62B versus $2.57B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).