Updated
Overview
Brazil has 6.2 times the population of Peru: 212.81 million people against 34.58 million (2025).
Brazil's economy is 6.8 times the size of Peru's, at $2.28T versus $334.85B.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Brazil | Peru | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $2.28T | $334.85B | 2025 | $2.18T / $289.22B |
| GDP per capita | Higher: $10,713 | $9,684 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | 2.3% | Higher: 3.4% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 5.0% | Lower: 1.5% | 2025 | 4.4% / 2.0% |
| Unemployment | 6.0% | Lower: 5.1% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 46 | 51 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | Higher: $607 | $563 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $262 | Higher: $273 | 2024 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $4.71 | $4.99 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 212.81 million | 34.58 million | 2025 | 221.36 million / 32.77 million |
| Population growth | 0.4% | 1.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 34.8 yrs | 30.2 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.60 | 1.94 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 76.0 yrs | Higher: 77.9 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 88% | 86% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | Higher: 84% | 82% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 8,515,767 km² | 1,285,216 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 25.0/km² | 26.9/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 483 Mt | Lower: 70 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | 2.3 t | Lower: 2.1 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $20.95B | $2.57B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 1.0% | 0.9% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 762,000 | 158,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Peru is growing faster: 3.4% annual GDP growth versus 2.3%.
Brazil runs the hotter price environment: 5.0% inflation versus 1.5%.
Average monthly earnings favour Brazil: $607 against $563 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Peru is the younger society: median age 30.2 versus 34.8 years.
Life expectancy is 1.9 years longer in Peru (77.9 vs 76.0).
Geography
By land area, Brazil is 6.6 times the size of Peru: 8,515,767 km² versus 1,285,216 km².
The two share a land border, which shapes their trade, migration, and security relationship.
Military
Brazil spends 8.2 times as much on defence as Peru: $20.95B versus $2.57B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Brazil fields the larger armed forces: 762,000 personnel against 158,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Brazil bigger than Peru?
- Brazil is larger by land area. Brazil covers 8,515,767 km² while Peru covers 1,285,216 km², so Brazil is 6.6 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Brazil or Peru?
- Brazil has the larger population: 212.81 million versus 34.58 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Brazil richer than Peru?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Brazil is richer: $10,713 against $9,684. Total GDP tells the same story: $2.28T for Brazil versus $334.85B for Peru.
- Who spends more on their military, Brazil or Peru?
- Brazil spends more: $20.95B versus $2.57B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).