Updated
Overview
Brazil has 11 times the population of Romania: 212.81 million people against 19.02 million (2025).
Brazil's economy is 5.3 times the size of Romania's, at $2.28T versus $428.68B.
Per person, Romania is the wealthier of the two: $22,538 against $10,713 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Brazil | Romania | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $2.28T | $428.68B | 2025 | $2.18T / $382.77B |
| GDP per capita | $10,713 | Higher: $22,538 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 2.3% | 0.7% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | Lower: 5.0% | 7.2% | 2025 | 4.4% / 5.7% |
| Unemployment | Lower: 6.0% | 6.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 46 | 44 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $607 | Higher: $1,722 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $262 | Higher: $906 | 2024 / 2025 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $4.71 | $4.01 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 212.81 million | 19.02 million | 2025 | 221.36 million / 18.15 million |
| Population growth | 0.4% | -0.2% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 34.8 yrs | 43.2 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.60 | 1.71 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 76.0 yrs | Higher: 76.5 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 88% | 52% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 84% | Higher: 91% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 8,515,767 km² | 238,391 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 25.0/km² | 79.8/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 483 Mt | Lower: 69 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | Lower: 2.3 t | 3.6 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $20.95B | $8.72B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 1.0% | 2.3% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 762,000 | 128,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Brazil is growing faster: 2.3% annual GDP growth versus 0.7%.
Romania runs the hotter price environment: 7.2% inflation versus 5.0%.
Average monthly earnings favour Romania: $1,722 against $607 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Brazil is the far younger society: median age 34.8 versus 43.2 years.
Brazil is considerably more urbanized: 88% of people live in cities, against 52%.
Geography
By land area, Brazil is 36 times the size of Romania: 8,515,767 km² versus 238,391 km².
Romania is far more densely settled: 80 people per km² against 25.
Military
Brazil spends 2.4 times as much on defence as Romania: $20.95B versus $8.72B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Relative to its economy, Romania carries the heavier military burden: 2.3% of GDP versus 1.0%.
Brazil fields the larger armed forces: 762,000 personnel against 128,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Brazil bigger than Romania?
- Brazil is larger by land area. Brazil covers 8,515,767 km² while Romania covers 238,391 km², so Brazil is 36 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Brazil or Romania?
- Brazil has the larger population: 212.81 million versus 19.02 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Brazil richer than Romania?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Romania is richer: $22,538 against $10,713. Total GDP tells a different story: $2.28T for Brazil versus $428.68B for Romania.
- Who spends more on their military, Brazil or Romania?
- Brazil spends more: $20.95B versus $8.72B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).