Updated
Overview
India has 42 times the population of Peru: 1.46 billion people against 34.58 million (2025).
India's economy is 12 times the size of Peru's, at $3.96T versus $334.85B.
Per person, Peru is the wealthier of the two: $9,684 against $2,702 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | India | Peru | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $3.96T | $334.85B | 2025 | $3.91T / $289.22B |
| GDP per capita | $2,702 | Higher: $9,684 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 7.6% | 3.4% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 2.4% | Lower: 1.5% | 2025 | 5.0% / 2.0% |
| Unemployment | Lower: 4.2% | 5.1% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 23 | 51 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $255 | Higher: $563 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $55 | Higher: $273 | 2024 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $2.45 | $4.99 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 1.46 billion | 34.58 million | 2025 | 1.42 billion / 32.77 million |
| Population growth | 0.9% | 1.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 28.8 yrs | 30.2 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.94 | 1.94 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 72.2 yrs | Higher: 77.9 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 36% | 86% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 70% | Higher: 82% | 2025 / 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 3,287,590 km² | 1,285,216 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 445.3/km² | 26.9/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 3,193 Mt | Lower: 70 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | 2.2 t | Lower: 2.1 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $86.13B | $2.57B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 2.3% | 0.9% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 3.1 million | 158,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
India is growing much faster: 7.6% annual GDP growth versus 3.4%.
Inflation is comparable in both: 2.4% in India and 1.5% in Peru.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in India: a price level of 23 versus 51 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Peru: $563 against $255 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Demographically the two are similar, with median ages of 28.8 (India) and 30.2 (Peru).
Life expectancy is 5.7 years longer in Peru (77.9 vs 72.2).
Peru is considerably more urbanized: 86% of people live in cities, against 36%.
Internet adoption is higher in Peru (82% vs 70% of the population).
Geography
By land area, India is 2.6 times the size of Peru: 3,287,590 km² versus 1,285,216 km².
India is far more densely settled: 445 people per km² against 27.
Military
India spends 34 times as much on defence as Peru: $86.13B versus $2.57B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Relative to its economy, India carries the heavier military burden: 2.3% of GDP versus 0.9%.
India fields the larger armed forces: 3.1 million personnel against 158,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is India bigger than Peru?
- India is larger by land area. India covers 3,287,590 km² while Peru covers 1,285,216 km², so India is 2.6 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, India or Peru?
- India has the larger population: 1.46 billion versus 34.58 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is India richer than Peru?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Peru is richer: $9,684 against $2,702. Total GDP tells a different story: $3.96T for India versus $334.85B for Peru.
- Who spends more on their military, India or Peru?
- India spends more: $86.13B versus $2.57B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).