Updated
Overview
Egypt has 6.2 times the population of Romania: 118.37 million people against 19.02 million (2025).
Romania's economy is 17% larger than Egypt's, at $428.68B versus $365.25B.
Per person, Romania is the wealthier of the two: $22,538 against $3,086 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Egypt | Romania | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | $365.25B | Higher: $428.68B | 2025 | $389.06B / $382.77B |
| GDP per capita | $3,086 | Higher: $22,538 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 4.4% | 0.7% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 14.1% | Lower: 7.2% | 2025 | 28.3% / 5.7% |
| Unemployment | 6.8% | Lower: 6.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 15 | 44 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $109 | Higher: $1,722 | 2024 / 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $132 | Higher: $906 | 2024 / 2025 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $2.87 | $4.01 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 118.37 million | 19.02 million | 2025 | 112.87 million / 18.15 million |
| Population growth | 1.6% | -0.2% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 24.5 yrs | 43.2 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 2.71 | 1.71 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 71.8 yrs | Higher: 76.5 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 43% | 52% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 75% | Higher: 91% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 1,002,450 km² | 238,391 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 118.1/km² | 79.8/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 258 Mt | Lower: 69 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | Lower: 2.2 t | 3.6 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $2.40B | $8.72B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 0.7% | 2.3% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 836,000 | 128,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Egypt is growing much faster: 4.4% annual GDP growth versus 0.7%.
Egypt runs the hotter price environment: 14.1% inflation versus 7.2%.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in Egypt: a price level of 15 versus 44 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Romania: $1,722 against $109 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Egypt is the far younger society: median age 24.5 versus 43.2 years.
Life expectancy is 4.7 years longer in Romania (76.5 vs 71.8).
Internet adoption is higher in Romania (91% vs 75% of the population).
Geography
By land area, Egypt is 4.2 times the size of Romania: 1,002,450 km² versus 238,391 km².
Military
Romania spends 3.6 times as much on defence as Egypt: $8.72B versus $2.40B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Relative to its economy, Romania carries the heavier military burden: 2.3% of GDP versus 0.7%.
Egypt fields the larger armed forces: 836,000 personnel against 128,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Egypt bigger than Romania?
- Egypt is larger by land area. Egypt covers 1,002,450 km² while Romania covers 238,391 km², so Egypt is 4.2 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Egypt or Romania?
- Egypt has the larger population: 118.37 million versus 19.02 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Egypt richer than Romania?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Romania is richer: $22,538 against $3,086. Total GDP tells the same story: $365.25B for Egypt versus $428.68B for Romania.
- Who spends more on their military, Egypt or Romania?
- Romania spends more: $8.72B versus $2.40B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).