Updated
Overview
Australia has about 45% more people than Romania: 27.61 million against 19.02 million (2025).
Australia's economy is 4.2 times the size of Romania's, at $1.80T versus $428.68B.
Per person, Australia is the wealthier of the two: $65,130 against $22,538 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Australia | Romania | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | Higher: $1.80T | $428.68B | 2025 | $1.75T / $382.77B |
| GDP per capita | Higher: $65,130 | $22,538 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | Higher: 1.4% | 0.7% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | Lower: 2.9% | 7.2% | 2025 | 3.2% / 5.7% |
| Unemployment | Lower: 4.1% | 6.0% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 90 | 44 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | Higher: $4,436 | $1,722 | 2021 / 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | Higher: $2,655 | $906 | 2024 / 2025 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $5.95 | $4.01 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 27.61 million | 19.02 million | 2025 | 27.49 million / 18.15 million |
| Population growth | 1.5% | -0.2% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 38.3 yrs | 43.2 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.64 | 1.71 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | Higher: 83.1 yrs | 76.5 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 88% | 52% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | Higher: 96% | 91% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 7,692,024 km² | 238,391 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 3.6/km² | 79.8/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 387 Mt | Lower: 69 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | 14.5 t | Lower: 3.6 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $33.82B | $8.72B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 1.9% | 2.3% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 60,000 | 128,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Australia is growing faster: 1.4% annual GDP growth versus 0.7%.
Romania runs the hotter price environment: 7.2% inflation versus 2.9%.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in Romania: a price level of 44 versus 90 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Australia: $4,436 against $1,722 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Australia is the younger society: median age 38.3 versus 43.2 years.
Life expectancy is 6.6 years longer in Australia (83.1 vs 76.5).
Australia is considerably more urbanized: 88% of people live in cities, against 52%.
Geography
By land area, Australia is 32 times the size of Romania: 7,692,024 km² versus 238,391 km².
Romania is far more densely settled: 80 people per km² against 4.
Military
Australia spends 3.9 times as much on defence as Romania: $33.82B versus $8.72B (World Bank/SIPRI data).
Romania fields the larger armed forces: 128,000 personnel against 60,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Australia bigger than Romania?
- Australia is larger by land area. Australia covers 7,692,024 km² while Romania covers 238,391 km², so Australia is 32 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Australia or Romania?
- Australia has the larger population: 27.61 million versus 19.02 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Australia richer than Romania?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Australia is richer: $65,130 against $22,538. Total GDP tells the same story: $1.80T for Australia versus $428.68B for Romania.
- Who spends more on their military, Australia or Romania?
- Australia spends more: $33.82B versus $8.72B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).