Updated
Overview
Romania has 3.2 times the population of Denmark: 19.02 million people against 6.01 million (2025).
Their economies are close in size: $428.68B for Romania and $462.53B for Denmark.
Per person, Denmark is the wealthier of the two: $76,970 against $22,538 in GDP per capita.
Population
GDP (nominal)
GDP per capita
The full table
| Indicator | Romania | Denmark | Years | Factbook, Jan 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | $428.68B | Higher: $462.53B | 2025 | $382.77B / $429.46B |
| GDP per capita | $22,538 | Higher: $76,970 | 2025 | — / — |
| GDP growth | 0.7% | Higher: 2.9% | 2025 | — / — |
| Inflation | 7.2% | Lower: 1.9% | 2025 | 5.7% / 1.4% |
| Unemployment | 6.0% | Lower: 5.5% | 2025 | — / — |
| Price level (US=100) | 44 | 92 | 2025 | — / — |
| Avg monthly earnings | $1,722 | Higher: $6,992 | 2025 | — / — |
| Minimum wage | $906 | — | 2025 | — / — |
| Big Mac price | $4.01 | $7.04 | — | — / — |
| People | ||||
| Population | 19.02 million | 6.01 million | 2025 | 18.15 million / 6.05 million |
| Population growth | -0.2% | 0.5% | 2025 | — / — |
| Median age | 43.2 yrs | 41.3 yrs | 2025 | — / — |
| Fertility rate | 1.71 | 1.52 | 2025 | — / — |
| Life expectancy | 76.5 yrs | Higher: 82.3 yrs | 2024 | — / — |
| Urban population | 52% | 89% | 2025 | — / — |
| Internet users | 91% | Higher: 100% | 2024 | — / — |
| Geography | ||||
| Area | 238,391 km² | 43,094 km² | — | — / — |
| Population density | 79.8/km² | 139.4/km² | 2025 | — / — |
| Environment | ||||
| CO2 emissions | 69 Mt | Lower: 28 Mt | 2024 | — / — |
| CO2 per capita | Lower: 3.6 t | 4.7 t | 2024 | — / — |
| Military | ||||
| Military spending | $8.72B | $9.96B | 2024 | — / — |
| Military spending (% GDP) | 2.3% | 2.4% | 2024 | — / — |
| Armed forces personnel | 128,000 | 15,000 | 2020 | — / — |
Sources by row: World Bank WDI, IMF WEO, UN WPP 2024, ILOSTAT, The Economist. Emphasis marks the stronger figure where one direction is meaningfully better.
Reading the numbers
Economy
Denmark is growing faster: 2.9% annual GDP growth versus 0.7%.
Romania runs the hotter price environment: 7.2% inflation versus 1.9%.
Day-to-day prices are noticeably lower in Romania: a price level of 44 versus 92 on a US=100 scale.
Average monthly earnings favour Denmark: $6,992 against $1,722 (ILOSTAT, latest available years).
People and society
Demographically the two are similar, with median ages of 43.2 (Romania) and 41.3 (Denmark).
Life expectancy is 5.8 years longer in Denmark (82.3 vs 76.5).
Denmark is considerably more urbanized: 89% of people live in cities, against 52%.
Geography
By land area, Romania is 5.5 times the size of Denmark: 238,391 km² versus 43,094 km².
Both sit in the same broad region but do not share a border.
Military
Defence budgets are of similar magnitude: $8.72B (Romania) and $9.96B (Denmark).
Romania fields the larger armed forces: 128,000 personnel against 15,000 (note: personnel data lags; observation years shown in the table).
Frequently asked
- Is Romania bigger than Denmark?
- Romania is larger by land area. Romania covers 238,391 km² while Denmark covers 43,094 km², so Romania is 5.5 times the size of the other.
- Which has more people, Romania or Denmark?
- Romania has the larger population: 19.02 million versus 6.01 million (World Bank, 2025).
- Is Romania richer than Denmark?
- Measured by GDP per capita, Denmark is richer: $76,970 against $22,538. Total GDP tells the same story: $428.68B for Romania versus $462.53B for Denmark.
- Who spends more on their military, Romania or Denmark?
- Denmark spends more: $9.96B versus $8.72B per year (World Bank, SIPRI-derived data; observation years vary).