Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus
Updated
Population
1.37 million
2025 · World Bank
GDP
$41.23B
2025 · World Bank
GDP per capita
$41,783
2025 · World Bank
Area
9,251 km²
mledoze/countries reference dataset
Capital
Nicosia
Median age
38.6 yrs
2025 · UN WPP
Location
- Capital
- Nicosia
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Southern Europe
- Area
- 9,251 km²
- Languages
- Greek, Turkish
Leadership
- Head of state
- Nicos Christodoulides
- In office since February 12, 2023
Wikidata (CC0), checked August 11, 2026. Frozen Factbook mirrors still list the officeholders of January 2026.
Then and now
The CIA World Factbook stopped updating in January 2026. This is what has changed since its final edition.
| Indicator | Factbook, final edition | Current | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,332,2932025 | 1,370,7542025 | +2.9% |
| GDP (nominal) | $36.33B2024 | $41.23B2025 | +13.5% |
| Inflation rate | 1.8%2024 | 0.1%2025 | -1.7 pp |
Trends since 2000
947,667 (2000) 1.37 million (2025)
$9.99B (2000) $41.23B (2025)
$14,388 (2000) $41,783 (2025)
4.1% (2000) 0.1% (2025)
World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0).
7 facts about Cyprus
- 01 Cyprus ranks 157 of 238 in population, with 1.37 million people as of 2025.
- 02 Its economy produced $41.23B in 2025, or $41,783 per person.
- 03 Cyprus has no land borders.
- 04 Population has grown 45% since 2000, from 947,667 to 1.37 million.
- 05 Prices sit at about 65% of United States levels (World Bank PPP data, 2025).
- 06 90% of the population uses the internet (2024).
- 07 It lists 2 official or major languages: Greek, Turkish.
Reference
- Languages
- Greek, Turkish
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Calling code
- +357
- Internet TLD
- .cy
- Demonym
- Cypriot
- ISO codes
- CY · CYP · 196
The Factbook archive 141 fields · 12 categories
The complete World Factbook entry for Cyprus: 141 fields and 239 sub-entries across 12 categories, kept whole as historical reference. A United States Government work in the public domain, reflecting data as of the final January 2026 edition; the live figures above supersede the fast-moving numbers in it. Last CIA update: January 20, 2026.
Introduction 1 field
- Background
- A former British colony, Cyprus became independent in 1960 after years of resistance to British rule. Tensions between the Greek Cypriot majority and Turkish Cypriot minority came to a head in December 1963, when violence broke out in the capital of Nicosia. Despite the deployment of UN peacekeepers in 1964, sporadic intercommunal violence continued and forced most Turkish Cypriots into enclaves throughout the island. In 1974, a Greek Government-sponsored attempt to overthrow the elected president of Cyprus was met by military intervention from Turkey, which soon controlled more than a third of the island. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriot administered area declared itself the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC), but it is recognized only by Turkey. A UN-mediated agreement to reunite Cyprus, the Annan Plan, failed to win approval from both communities in 2004. The most recent round of reunification negotiations was suspended in 2017 after failure to achieve a breakthrough.
The entire island joined the EU in 2004, although the EU acquis -- the body of common rights and obligations -- applies only to the areas under the internationally recognized government and is suspended in the TRNC. However, individual Turkish Cypriots able to document their eligibility for Republic of Cyprus citizenship have the same legal rights accorded to citizens of other EU states.
Geography 17 fields
- Location
- Middle East, island in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey; note - Cyprus views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both
- Geographic coordinates
- 35 00 N, 33 00 E
- Map references
- Middle East
- Area
- total: 9,251 sq km (of which 3,355 sq km are in north Cyprus)land: 9,241 sq kmwater: 10 sq km
- Area - comparative
- about 0.6 times the size of Connecticut
- Land boundaries
- total: 156 kmborder sovereign base areas: Akrotiri 48 km; Dhekelia 108 km
- Coastline
- 648 km
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmcontinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
- Climate
- temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
- Terrain
- central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered but significant plains along southern coast
- Elevation
- highest point: Mount Olympus 1,951 mlowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 mmean elevation: 91 m
- Natural resources
- copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum, timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigment
- Land use
- agricultural land: 14% (2023 est.)agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 10.6% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)forest: 18.6% (2023 est.)other: 67.1% (2023 est.)
- Irrigated land
- 269 sq km (2020)
- Population distribution
- population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca
- Natural hazards
- moderate earthquake activity; droughts
- Geography - note
- the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and Sardinia)
People and Society 33 fields
- Population
- total: 1,332,293 (2025 est.)male: 681,128female: 651,165
- Nationality
- noun: Cypriot(s)adjective: Cypriot
- Ethnic groups
- Greek 98.8%, other 1% (includes Maronite, Armenian, Turkish-Cypriot), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)
note: data represent only the Greek-Cypriot citizens in the Republic of Cyprus - Languages
- Languages: Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6% (2011 est.)major-language sample(s):
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. - Religions
- Eastern Orthodox Christian 89.1%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Protestant/Anglican 2%, Muslim 1.8%, Buddhist 1%, other (includes Maronite Catholic, Armenian Apostolic, Hindu) 1.4%, unknown 1.1%, none/atheist 0.6% (2011 est.)
note: data represent only the government-controlled area of Cyprus - Age structure
- 0-14 years: 15.6% (male 105,533/female 100,099)15-64 years: 70% (male 486,569/female 437,651)65 years and over: 14.4% (2024 est.) (male 83,094/female 107,579)
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 43.6 (2025 est.)youth dependency ratio: 22.3 (2025 est.)elderly dependency ratio: 21.4 (2025 est.)potential support ratio: 4.7 (2025 est.)
- Median age
- total: 39.9 years (2025 est.)male: 38.2 yearsfemale: 41 years
- Population growth rate
- 0.89% (2025 est.)
- Birth rate
- 9.95 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Death rate
- 7.11 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Net migration rate
- 6.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Population distribution
- population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca
- Urbanization
- urban population: 67% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- Major urban areas - population
- 269,000 NICOSIA (capital) (2018)
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/femaletotal population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- Mother's mean age at first birth
- 30 years (2020 est.)
note: data represents only government-controlled areas - Maternal mortality ratio
- 14 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 7.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)male: 9.7 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 6.4 deaths/1,000 live births
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 80.2 years (2024 est.)male: 77.4 yearsfemale: 83.1 years
- Total fertility rate
- 1.49 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- Gross reproduction rate
- 0.73 (2025 est.)
- Drinking water source
- improved: urban: urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)improved: rural: rural: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)improved: total: total: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: urban: urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: rural: rural: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: total: total: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)
- Health expenditure
- Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 9.4% of GDP (2021)Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 18.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
- Physician density
- 3.56 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
- Hospital bed density
- 2.2 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
- Sanitation facility access
- improved: urban: urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)improved: rural: rural: 98.8% of population (2022 est.)improved: total: total: 99.4% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: urban: urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: rural: rural: 1.2% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: total: total: 0.6% of population (2022 est.)
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
- 21.8% (2016)
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 9.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)beer: 2.85 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)wine: 2.72 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)spirits: 4.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Tobacco use
- total: 33.1% (2025 est.)male: 44.1% (2025 est.)female: 22.2% (2025 est.)
- Education expenditure
- Education expenditure (% GDP): 4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)Education expenditure (% national budget): 12.5% national budget (2022 est.)
- School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 16 years (2022 est.)male: 16 years (2022 est.)female: 17 years (2022 est.)
- People - note
- demographic data for Cyprus represent the population of the government-controlled area and the area administered by Turkish Cypriots, unless otherwise indicated
Environment 11 fields
- Environmental issues
- scarce water resources; salination; water pollution from sewage, industrial wastes, and pesticides; coastal degradation; erosion; loss of wildlife habitats from urbanization
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
- Climate
- temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters
- Land use
- agricultural land: 14% (2023 est.)agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 10.6% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)forest: 18.6% (2023 est.)other: 67.1% (2023 est.)
- Urbanization
- urban population: 67% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- Carbon dioxide emissions
- total emissions: 6.837 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)from coal and metallurgical coke: 100,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)from petroleum and other liquids: 6.737 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- Particulate matter emissions
- 14.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 769,500 tons (2024 est.)percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 17.6% (2022 est.)
- Total water withdrawal
- municipal: 112 million cubic meters (2022)industrial: 17 million cubic meters (2022 est.)agricultural: 177 million cubic meters (2022)
- Total renewable water resources
- 780 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Geoparks
- total global geoparks and regional networks: 1global geoparks and regional networks: Troodos (2023)
Government 24 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Republic of Cyprusconventional short form: Cypruslocal long form: Kypriaki Dimokratia (Greek)/ Kibris Cumhuriyeti (Turkish)local short form: Kypros (Greek)/ Kibris (Turkish)etymology: the Greek name for the island is Kupros, which is probably derived from the Sumerian kabar, meaning "copper" or "bronze;" copper mines were located on the island in antiquity
- Government type
- Republic of Cyprus - presidential republic; self-declared "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC) - parliamentary republic with enhanced presidency
note: a separation of the two main ethnic communities inhabiting the island began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified when a Greek military-junta-supported coup attempt prompted the Turkish military intervention in July 1974 that gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government on the island; on 15 November 1983, then Turkish Cypriot "President" Rauf DENKTAS declared independence and the formation of the "TRNC,” which is recognized only by Turkey - Capital
- name: Nicosia (Lefkosia/Lefkosa)geographic coordinates: 35 10 N, 33 22 Etime difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in Octoberetymology: may have been named after Nike, the Greek goddess of victory; the Greek name for the city, Lefkosia, and the Turkish name, Lefkosa, both mean "White City"
- Administrative divisions
- 6 districts; Ammochostos (Famagusta; all but a small part located in the Turkish Cypriot community), Keryneia (Kyrenia; the only district located entirely in the Turkish Cypriot community), Larnaka (Larnaca; with a small part located in the Turkish Cypriot community), Lefkosia (Nicosia; a small part administered by Turkish Cypriots), Lemesos (Limassol), Pafos (Paphos)
note: the 5 "districts" of the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" are Gazimagusa (Famagusta), Girne (Kyrenia), Guzelyurt (Morphou), Iskele (Trikomo), Lefkosa (Nicosia) - Legal system
- mixed system of English common law and civil law, with European law supremacy
- Constitution
- history: ratified 16 August 1960amendment process: constitution of the Republic of Cyprus -- proposed by the House of Representatives; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership of the "Greek Community" and the "Turkish Community"; however, all seats of Turkish Cypriot members have remained vacant since 1964
constitution of the “Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus” -- proposed by at least 10 members of the "Assembly of the Republic"; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total Assembly membership and approval by referendum - International law organization participation
- accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cyprusdual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years
- Suffrage
- 18 years of age; universal
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)head of government: President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the presidentelection/appointment process: president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms)most recent election date: 5 February 2023, with a runoff on 12 February 2023election results:
2023: Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (independent) 32%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS (independent) 29.6%, Averof NEOFYTOU (DISY) 26.1%, Christos CHRISTOU (ELAM) 6%, other 6.3%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDS 52%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS 48%
2018: Nikos ANASTASIADIS reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS (DISY) 35.5%, Stavros MALAS (AKEL) 30.2%, Nicolas PAPADOPOULOS (DIKO) 25.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS 56%, Stavros MALAS 44%expected date of next election: 2028 - Legislative branch
- legislature name: House of Representatives (Vouli Antiprosopon)legislative structure: unicameralnumber of seats: 80 (all directly elected)electoral system: proportional representationscope of elections: full renewalterm in office: 5 yearsmost recent election date: 5/30/2021parties elected and seats per party: Democratic Rally (DISY) (17); Progressive Party of the Working People (AKEL) (15); Democratic Party (DIKO) (9); National Popular Front (ELAM) (4); Movement of Social Democrats (EDEK) (4); Democratic Alignment (DIPA) (4); Cyprus Green Party (KOP) (3)percentage of women in chamber: 14.3%expected date of next election: May 2026
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court of Cyprus (consists of 13 judges, including the court president)judge selection and term of office: Republic of Cyprus Supreme Court judges appointed by the president of the republic on the recommendation of the Supreme Court judges; judges can serve until age 68; "TRNC Supreme Court" judges appointed by the "Supreme Council of Judicature," a 12-member body of judges, the attorney general, appointees by the president of the "TRNC," and by the "Legislative Assembly," and members elected by the bar association; judge tenure NAsubordinate courts: Republic of Cyprus district courts; Assize Courts; Administrative Court; specialized courts for issues relating to family, industrial disputes, the military, and rent control; "TRNC Assize Courts"; "TNRC district and family courts"
- Political parties
- area under government control:
Democratic Front or DIPA
Democratic Party or DIKO
Democratic Rally or DISY
Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Alliance
Movement of Social Democrats EDEK
National Popular Front or ELAM
Progressive Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist Party)
Solidarity Movement
area administered by Turkish Cypriots:
Communal Democracy Party or TDP
Communal Liberation Party - New Forces or TKP-YG
Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP
Democratic Party or DP
National Democratic Party or NDP
National Unity Party or UBP
New Cyprus Party or YKP
People's Party or HP
Rebirth Party or YDP
Republican Turkish Party or CTP
United Cyprus Party or BKP - Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Evangelos SAVVA (since 15 September 2023)chancery: 2211 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 462-5772FAX: [1] (202) 483-6710email address and website:
[email protected]
https://www.cyprusembassy.net/consulate(s) general: New Yorkhonorary consulate(s): Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Kirkland (WA), Los Angeles, New Orleans, San Francisco - Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Julie Davis FISHER (since 21 February 2023); note - Ambassador FISHER is temporarily assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine as Chargé d’ Affaires ad interim; she remains fully accredited in Cyprusembassy: Metochiou and Ploutarchou Street, 2407, Engomi, Nicosiamailing address: 5450 Nicosia Place, Washington DC 20521-5450telephone: [357] (22) 393939FAX: [357] (22) 780944email address and website:
[email protected]
https://cy.usembassy.gov/ - International organization participation
- Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- Independence
- 16 August 1960 (from the UK)
note: Turkish Cypriots proclaimed self-rule on 13 February 1975 and independence in 1983, but only Turkey recognizes these proclamations - National holiday
- Independence Day, 1 October (1960)
note: Turkish Cypriots celebrate 15 November (1983) as "Republic Day" - Flag
- description: a copper-colored silhouette of the island is centered on a white field above two crossed green olive branches
meaning: the olive branches symbolize hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greek and Turkish communities
note 1: one of two national flags that uses a map as a design element; the flag of Kosovo is the other
note 2: the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" flag retains the white field of the Cyprus national flag but has narrow horizontal red stripes near the top and bottom edges, with a red crescent and a five-pointed red star between them; the banner is modeled on the Turkish national flag, but with the colors reversed - National symbol(s)
- Cypriot mouflon (wild sheep), white dove
- National color(s)
- blue, white
- National coat of arms
- The coat of arms of Cyprus features a yellow shield representing the island’s copper deposits. A dove, one of the national symbols, holds an olive branch symbolizing peace, and olive branches encircle the shield. The year 1960 on the shield is the date of Cyprus’s independence from the United Kingdom.
- National anthem(s)
- title: "Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian" (Hymn to Freedom)lyrics/music: Dionysios SOLOMOS/Nikolaos MANTZAROShistory: adopted 1966; Cyprus uses the Greek national anthem; the Turkish Cypriot community in Cyprus uses Turkey's national anthem
- National heritage
- total World Heritage Sites: 3 (all cultural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Paphos; Painted Churches in the Troodos Region; Choirokoitia
Economy 30 fields
- Economic overview
- services-based, high-income EU island economy; heavy tourism; sustained growth between recovery of national banking system and COVID-19 trade restrictions; high living standards; a known financial hub, its stock exchange functions as an investment bridge between EU-and EEU-member countries
note: Even though the whole of the island is part of the EU, implementation of the EU "acquis communautaire" has been suspended in the area administered by Turkish Cypriots, known locally as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, until political conditions permit the reunification of the island. Its market-based economy is roughly one-fifth the size of its southern neighbor and is likewise dominated by the service sector with a large portion of the population employed by the government. Manufacturing is limited mainly to food and beverages, furniture and fixtures, construction materials, metal and non-metal products, textiles and clothing. Little trade exists with the Republic of Cyprus outside of construction, historically relying heavily upon Turkey for financial aid, defense, telecommunications, utilities, and postal services. The Turkish Lira is the preferred currency, though foreign currencies are widely accepted in business transactions. - Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $50.055 billion (2024 est.)Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $48.386 billion (2023 est.)Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $47.085 billion (2022 est.)
- Real GDP growth rate
- Real GDP growth rate 2024: 3.4% (2024 est.)Real GDP growth rate 2023: 2.8% (2023 est.)Real GDP growth rate 2022: 7.2% (2022 est.)
- Real GDP per capita
- Real GDP per capita 2024: $53,300 (2024 est.)Real GDP per capita 2023: $52,200 (2023 est.)Real GDP per capita 2022: $51,600 (2022 est.)
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $36.333 billion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate - Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024: 1.8% (2024 est.)Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023: 3.5% (2023 est.)Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 8.4% (2022 est.)
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 1.2% (2024 est.)industry: 10.3% (2024 est.)services: 76.9% (2024 est.)
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 58.9% (2024 est.)government consumption: 18.6% (2024 est.)investment in fixed capital: 20.5% (2024 est.)investment in inventories: -1.6% (2024 est.)exports of goods and services: 96.7% (2024 est.)imports of goods and services: -93.1% (2024 est.)
- Agricultural products
- milk, potatoes, sheep milk, pork, goat milk, wheat, chicken, olives, grapes, barley (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage - Industries
- tourism, food and beverage processing, cement and gypsum, ship repair and refurbishment, textiles, light chemicals, metal products, wood, paper, stone and clay products
note: area administered by Turkish Cypriots - foodstuffs, textiles, clothing, ship repair, clay, gypsum, copper, furniture - Industrial production growth rate
- 4.6% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency - Labor force
- 772,300 (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work - Unemployment rate
- Unemployment rate 2024: 5.7% (2024 est.)Unemployment rate 2023: 6.1% (2023 est.)Unemployment rate 2022: 6.9% (2022 est.)
- Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
- total: 15.6% (2024 est.)male: 17.4% (2024 est.)female: 13.7% (2024 est.)
- Population below poverty line
- 13.9% (2021 est.)
note: % of population with income below national poverty line - Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022: 31.5 (2022 est.)
- Household income or consumption by percentage share
- lowest 10%: 3.6% (2022 est.)highest 10%: 26.2% (2022 est.)
- Remittances
- Remittances 2023: 1.8% of GDP (2023 est.)Remittances 2022: 1.7% of GDP (2022 est.)Remittances 2021: 2.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
- Budget
- revenues: $14.39 billion (2023 est.)expenditures: $13.733 billion (2023 est.)
- Public debt
- Public debt 2017: 97.5% of GDP (2017 est.)
- Taxes and other revenues
- 24.1% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP - Current account balance
- Current account balance 2024: -$3.05 billion (2024 est.)Current account balance 2023: -$3.831 billion (2023 est.)Current account balance 2022: -$2.178 billion (2022 est.)
- Exports
- Exports 2024: $35.12 billion (2024 est.)Exports 2023: $32.922 billion (2023 est.)Exports 2022: $32.563 billion (2022 est.)
- Exports - partners
- Libya 14%, Greece 11%, Lebanon 8%, Bermuda 7%, Marshall Islands 5% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports - Exports - commodities
- ships, refined petroleum, packaged medicine, cheese, scented mixtures (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars - Imports
- Imports 2024: $33.802 billion (2024 est.)Imports 2023: $32.556 billion (2023 est.)Imports 2022: $31.486 billion (2022 est.)
- Imports - partners
- Greece 20%, UK 10%, Italy 7%, Turkey 6%, Spain 6% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports - Imports - commodities
- refined petroleum, ships, cars, packaged medicine, coal tar oil (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars - Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024: $2.088 billion (2024 est.)Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $1.789 billion (2023 est.)Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $1.671 billion (2022 est.)
- Exchange rates
- Currency: euros (EUR) per US dollar -Exchange rates 2024: 0.924 (2024 est.)Exchange rates 2023: 0.925 (2023 est.)Exchange rates 2022: 0.95 (2022 est.)Exchange rates 2021: 0.845 (2021 est.)Exchange rates 2020: 0.876 (2020 est.)
Energy 6 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
- Electricity
- installed generating capacity: 2.288 million kW (2023 est.)consumption: 5.197 billion kWh (2023 est.)transmission/distribution losses: 146.11 million kWh (2023 est.)
- Electricity generation sources
- fossil fuels: 79.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)solar: 16% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)wind: 3.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)biomass and waste: 1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- Coal
- consumption: 46,000 metric tons (2023 est.)exports: 71.6 metric tons (2022 est.)imports: 22,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
- Petroleum
- refined petroleum consumption: 45,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
- Energy consumption per capita
- Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 107.188 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Communications 6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 245,000 (2024 est.)subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25 (2024 est.)
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 1.51 million (2024 est.)subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 156 (2024 est.)
- Broadcast media
- mix of state and privately run TV and radio; the public broadcaster operates 2 TV channels and 4 radio stations; 6 private TV broadcasters, satellite and cable TV services (including from Greece and Turkey), and a number of private radio stations; in areas administered by Turkish Cypriots, there are 2 public TV stations, 4 public radio stations, 7 privately owned TV stations and 21 privately owned radio stations, 6 radio and 4 TV channels at local universities, 1 military radio station, and 1 radio station for civil defense cooperation, as well as relay stations from Turkey (2019)
- Internet country code
- .cy
- Internet users
- percent of population: 91% (2023 est.)
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 357,000 (2023 est.)subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2023 est.)
Transportation 5 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- 5B
- Airports
- 14 (2025)
- Heliports
- 68 (2025)
- Merchant marine
- total: 1,005 (2023)by type: bulk carrier 243, container ship 154, general cargo 211, oil tanker 47, other 350
- Ports
- total ports: 6 (2024)large: 0medium: 0small: 3very small: 3ports with oil terminals: 4key ports: Dhekelia, Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Xeros
Military and Security 6 fields
- Military and security forces
- Cypriot National Guard (Ethniki Froura, EF): Army, Navy, Air Force (2025)
- Military expenditures
- Military Expenditures 2024: 1.7% of GDP (2024 est.)Military Expenditures 2023: 1.8% of GDP (2023 est.)Military Expenditures 2022: 1.8% of GDP (2022 est.)Military Expenditures 2021: 1.8% of GDP (2021 est.)Military Expenditures 2020: 1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)
- Military and security service personnel strengths
- approximately 12-15,000 active Cypriot National Guard (2025)
- Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
- the National Guard's inventory includes a mix of armaments from a variety of suppliers, including Brazil, Israel, Russia, several European countries, and the US (2025)
- Military service age and obligation
- all Cypriot men must complete 14 months of compulsory service upon reaching the age of 18; women may volunteer for 6 months of service at age 18; men and women may also enlist as contract soldiers up to age 42 (2025)
- Military - note
- established in 1964, the National Guard (EF) is responsible for ensuring Cyprus’s territorial integrity and sovereignty; its primary focus is Turkey, which invaded Cyprus in 1974 and maintains a large military presence in the unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; the majority of the force is deployed along the “Green Line” that separates the Greek Cypriots from the Turkish Cypriots; the EF also participates in some internal missions, such as providing assistance during natural disasters; Greece is its primary security partner and maintains a military presence on Cyprus; the EF has conducted training exercises with other militaries including France, Israel, and the US; since Cyprus joined the EU in 2004, the EF has actively participated in the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and has sent small numbers of personnel to some EU and missions; Cyprus is also part of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) has been deployed in Cyprus since 1964; its mandate includes supervising the de facto ceasefire that came into effect in August 1974 and maintaining a buffer zone between the lines of the Cypriot National Guard and of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot forces; UNFICYP has about 1,100 personnel assigned (2025)
Terrorism 1 field
- Terrorist group(s)
- Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)
note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide
Transnational Issues 1 field
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- refugees: 73,303 (2024 est.)IDPs: 244,944 (2024 est.)stateless persons: 130 (2024 est.)
Frequently asked
- What is the population of Cyprus in 2025?
- Cyprus has a population of 1.37 million (1,370,754) according to World Bank, World Development Indicators data for 2025.
- What is the capital of Cyprus?
- The capital of Cyprus is Nicosia.
- How large is the economy of Cyprus?
- Cyprus's GDP is $41.23B (2025, World Bank, World Development Indicators), which is $41,783 per capita.
- Who leads Cyprus?
- Head of state: Nicos Christodoulides (since February 12, 2023). Source: Wikidata, checked August 11, 2026.
Cyprus