Guinea
Republic of Guinea
Updated
Population
15.10 million
2025 · World Bank
GDP
$28.35B
2025 · World Bank
GDP per capita
$1,877
2025 · World Bank
Area
245,857 km²
mledoze/countries reference dataset
Capital
Conakry
Median age
18.3 yrs
2025 · UN WPP
Location
- Capital
- Conakry
- Region
- Africa
- Subregion
- Western Africa
- Area
- 245,857 km²
- Neighbours
- 6
- Languages
- French
Leadership
- Head of state
- Mamady Doumbouya
- In office since October 1, 2021
- Head of government
- Bah Oury
- In office since February 27, 2024
Wikidata (CC0), checked August 11, 2026. Frozen Factbook mirrors still list the officeholders of January 2026.
Then and now
The CIA World Factbook stopped updating in January 2026. This is what has changed since its final edition.
| Indicator | Factbook, final edition | Current | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 14,374,5902025 | 15,099,7272025 | +5.0% |
| GDP (nominal) | $25.33B2024 | $28.35B2025 | +11.9% |
| Inflation rate | 8.1%2024 | 3.5%2025 | -4.6 pp |
Trends since 2000
8.43 million (2000) 15.10 million (2025)
$4.37B (2000) $28.35B (2025)
$518 (2000) $1,877 (2025)
31.4% (2005) 3.5% (2025)
World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0).
5 facts about Guinea
- 01 Guinea ranks 75 of 238 in population, with 15.10 million people as of 2025.
- 02 Its economy produced $28.35B in 2025, or $1,877 per person.
- 03 It shares land borders with 6 neighbours: Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Senegal, Sierra Leone.
- 04 Population has grown 79% since 2000, from 8.43 million to 15.10 million.
- 05 33% of the population uses the internet (2024).
Reference
- Languages
- French
- Currency
- Guinean franc (GNF)
- Calling code
- +224
- Internet TLD
- .gn
- Demonym
- Guinean
- ISO codes
- GN · GIN · 324
Compare Guinea
The Factbook archive 142 fields · 11 categories
The complete World Factbook entry for Guinea: 142 fields and 235 sub-entries across 11 categories, kept whole as historical reference. A United States Government work in the public domain, reflecting data as of the final January 2026 edition; the live figures above supersede the fast-moving numbers in it. Last CIA update: January 20, 2026.
Introduction 1 field
- Background
- Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms, all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea and encouraged its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that provided one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. European traders first arrived in the 16th century, and the French secured colonial rule in the 19th century. In 1958, Guinea achieved independence from France. Sekou TOURE became Guinea’s first post-independence president; he established a dictatorial regime and ruled until his death in 1984, after which General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. He too established an authoritarian regime and manipulated presidential elections until his death in 2008, when Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and was exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections, and his first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. CONDE won a third term in 2020 after a constitutional change to term limits. In 2021, Col Mamady DOUMBOUYA led another successful military coup, establishing the National Committee for Reconciliation and Development (CNRD), suspending the constitution, and dissolving the government and the legislature. DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transition president and appointed Mohamed BEAVOGUI as transition prime minister. The National Transition Council (CNT), which acts as the legislative body for the transition, was formed in 2022 and consists of appointed members representing a broad swath of Guinean society.
Geography 19 fields
- Location
- Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone
- Geographic coordinates
- 11 00 N, 10 00 W
- Map references
- Africa
- Area
- total: 245,857 sq kmland: 245,717 sq kmwater: 140 sq km
- Area - comparative
- slightly smaller than Oregon; slightly larger than twice the size of Pennsylvania
- Land boundaries
- total: 4,046 kmborder countries: Cote d'Ivoire 816 km; Guinea-Bissau 421 km; Liberia 590 km; Mali 1062 km; Senegal 363 km; Sierra Leone 794 km
- Coastline
- 320 km
- Maritime claims
- territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nm
- Climate
- generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
- Terrain
- generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior
- Elevation
- highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 mlowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 472 m
- Natural resources
- bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium, hydropower, fish, salt
- Land use
- agricultural land: 73.2% (2023 est.)agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 24.4% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 5.3% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 43.5% (2023 est.)forest: 20.3% (2023 est.)other: 6.5% (2023 est.)
- Irrigated land
- 949 sq km (2017)
- Major rivers (by length in km)
- Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km
note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth - Major watersheds (area sq km)
- Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km)
- Population distribution
- areas of highest density are in the west and south; interior is sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map
- Natural hazards
- hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season
- Geography - note
- the Niger and its important tributary, the Milo River, have their sources in the Guinean highlands
People and Society 34 fields
- Population
- total: 14,374,590 (2025 est.)male: 7,179,661female: 7,194,929
- Nationality
- noun: Guinean(s)adjective: Guinean
- Ethnic groups
- Fulani (Peuhl) 33.4%, Malinke 29.4%, Susu 21.2%, Guerze 7.8%, Kissi 6.2%, Toma 1.6%, other/foreign 0.4% (2018 est.)
- Languages
- French (official), Pular, Maninka, Susu, other native languages
note: about 40 languages are spoken; each ethnic group has its own language - Religions
- Muslim 85.2%, Christian 13.4%, animist 0.2%, none 1.2% (2018 est.)
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 40.9% (male 2,884,146/female 2,835,794)15-64 years: 55.1% (male 3,846,852/female 3,856,366)65 years and over: 4% (2024 est.) (male 254,608/female 308,413)
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 81.5 (2025 est.)youth dependency ratio: 74.1 (2025 est.)elderly dependency ratio: 7.4 (2025 est.)potential support ratio: 13.6 (2025 est.)
- Median age
- total: 19.5 years (2025 est.)male: 19.2 yearsfemale: 19.6 years
- Population growth rate
- 2.74% (2025 est.)
- Birth rate
- 35.04 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Death rate
- 7.69 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Net migration rate
- 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Population distribution
- areas of highest density are in the west and south; interior is sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map
- Urbanization
- urban population: 38.1% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- Major urban areas - population
- 2.111 million CONAKRY (capital) (2023)
- Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/femaletotal population: 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- Mother's mean age at first birth
- 19.9 years (2018 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49 - Maternal mortality ratio
- 494 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- Infant mortality rate
- total: 45.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)male: 51.6 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 42.3 deaths/1,000 live births
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 64.6 years (2024 est.)male: 62.7 yearsfemale: 66.6 years
- Total fertility rate
- 4.75 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- Gross reproduction rate
- 2.34 (2025 est.)
- Drinking water source
- improved: urban: urban: 92% of population (2022 est.)improved: rural: rural: 59% of population (2022 est.)improved: total: total: 71.5% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: urban: urban: 8% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: rural: rural: 41% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: total: total: 28.5% of population (2022 est.)
- Health expenditure
- Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 3.8% of GDP (2021)Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 5% of national budget (2022 est.)
- Physician density
- 0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2022)
- Sanitation facility access
- improved: urban: urban: 95.6% of population (2022 est.)improved: rural: rural: 39.4% of population (2022 est.)improved: total: total: 60.6% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: urban: urban: 4.4% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: rural: rural: 60.6% of population (2022 est.)unimproved: total: total: 39.4% of population (2022 est.)
- Obesity - adult prevalence rate
- 7.7% (2016)
- Alcohol consumption per capita
- total: 0.33 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)wine: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)spirits: 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Children under the age of 5 years underweight
- 15% (2022 est.)
- Currently married women (ages 15-49)
- 70.9% (2018 est.)
- Child marriage
- women married by age 15: 17% (2018)women married by age 18: 46.5% (2018)men married by age 18: 1.9% (2018)
- Education expenditure
- Education expenditure (% GDP): 1.7% of GDP (2023 est.)Education expenditure (% national budget): 9.2% national budget (2025 est.)
- Literacy
- total population: 39.6% (2018 est.)male: 54.4% (2018 est.)female: 27.7% (2018 est.)
- School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 9 years (2021 est.)male: 9 years (2021 est.)female: 8 years (2021 est.)
Environment 10 fields
- Environmental issues
- deforestation; inadequate potable water; desertification; soil contamination and erosion; overfishing, overpopulation in forest region; poor mining practices; water pollution; improper waste disposal
- International environmental agreements
- party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
- Climate
- generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
- Land use
- agricultural land: 73.2% (2023 est.)agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 24.4% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 5.3% (2023 est.)agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 43.5% (2023 est.)forest: 20.3% (2023 est.)other: 6.5% (2023 est.)
- Urbanization
- urban population: 38.1% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- Carbon dioxide emissions
- total emissions: 4.505 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)from coal and metallurgical coke: 1,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)from petroleum and other liquids: 4.504 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- Particulate matter emissions
- 34.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- Waste and recycling
- municipal solid waste generated annually: 596,900 tons (2024 est.)percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 23.9% (2022 est.)
- Total water withdrawal
- municipal: 230 million cubic meters (2022 est.)industrial: 60 million cubic meters (2022 est.)agricultural: 600 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Total renewable water resources
- 226 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Government 23 fields
- Country name
- conventional long form: Republic of Guineaconventional short form: Guinealocal long form: République de Guinéelocal short form: Guinéeformer: French Guineaetymology: the country is named after the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea, but the name itself derives from the Tuareg word aginaw, meaning "black people"
- Government type
- presidential republic
- Capital
- name: Conakrygeographic coordinates: 9 30 N, 13 42 Wtime difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: the name derives from konakri, a Susu word meaning "over the water" and referring to the city's location on a peninsula; it was originally the name of a local village
- Administrative divisions
- 7 administrative regions (régions administratives, singular - région administrative) and 1 governorate (gouvenorat)*; Boke, Conakry*, Faranah, Kankan, Kindia, Labe, Mamou, N'Zerekore
- Legal system
- civil law system based on the French model
- Constitution
- history: previous 1958, 1990; 2010 and a referendum in 2020, which was suspended on 5 September 2021 via a coup d'état; on 27 September, the Transitional Charter was released, which supersedes the constitution until a new constitution is promulgated
- International law organization participation
- accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
- Citizenship
- citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Guineadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: na
- Suffrage
- 18 years of age; universal
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 17 January 2026)head of government: Prime Minister Amadou Oury BAH (since 27 February 2024)cabinet: formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the presidentelection/appointment process: the president is directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year single term, and the prime minister is appointed by the presidentmost recent election date: 28 December 2025election results: 2025: Mamady DOUMBOUYA elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Mamady DOUMBOUYA (Independent) 86.7%, Abdoulaye Yero BALDE (DFG) 6.5%, other 7%
2020: Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7% - Legislative branch
- legislature name: Transitional National Council (Conseil national de transition)legislative structure: unicameralnumber of seats: 81 (all appointed)electoral system: mixed systemscope of elections: full renewalmost recent election date: 1/22/2022percentage of women in chamber: 29.6%expected date of next election: December 2025
- Judicial branch
- highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Suprême (organized into Administrative Chamber and Civil, Penal, and Social Chamber; court consists of the first president, 2 chamber presidents, 10 councilors, the solicitor general, and NA deputies); Constitutional Court - suspended on 5 September 2021judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court first president appointed by the national president after consultation with the National Assembly; other members appointed by presidential decree; members serve 9-year terms until age 65subordinate courts: Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; High Court of Justice or Cour d'Assises; Court of Account (Court of Auditors); Courts of First Instance (Tribunal de Première Instance); labor court; military tribunal; justices of the peace; specialized courts
- Political parties
- African Congress for Democracy and Renewal or CADRE
Alliance for National Renewal or ARN
Alliance for National Renewal or ARENA
Bloc Liberal or BL
Citizen Generation or GECI
Citizen Party for the Defense of Collective Interests or PCDIC
Democratic Alliance for Renewal or ADR
Democratic National Movement or MND
Democratic Union for Renewal and Progress or UDRP
Democratic Union of Guinea or UDG
Democratic People's Movement of Guinea or MPDG
Democratic Workers' Party of Guinea or PDTG
Front for the National Alliance or FAN
Generation for Reconciliation Union and Prosperity or GRUP
Guinea for Democracy and Balance or GDE
Guinean Party for Peaceful Coexistence and Development or PGCD
Guinean Party for Solidarity and Democracy or PGSD
Guinean Union for Democracy and Development or UGDD
Guinean Rally for Development or RGD
Guinean Rally for Unity and Development or RGUD
Guinean Renaissance Party or PGR
Modern Guinea
Movement for Solidarity and Development or MSD
National Committee for Reconciliation and Development
National Front for Development or FND
National Union for Prosperity or UNP
National Party for Hope and Development or PEDN
New Democratic Forces or NFD
New Generation for the Republic or NGR
New Guinea or NG
New Political Generation or NGP
Party for Progress and Change or PPC
Party of Citizen Action through Labor or PACT
Party of Democrats for Hope or PADES
Party of Freedom and Progress or PLP
Party of Hope for National Development or PEDN
Rally for Renaissance and Development or RRD
Rally for the Guinean People or RPG
Rally for the Integrated Development of Guinea or RDIG
Rally for the Republic or RPR
Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea or UFDG
Union for Progress and Renewal or UPR
Union for the Defense of Republican Interests or UDIR
Union for the Progress of Guinea or UPG
Union of Democratic Forces or UFD a or UFDG
Union of Democrats for the Renaissance of Guinea or UDRG
Union of Republican Forces or UFR
Unity and Progress Party or PUP - Diplomatic representation in the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador Fatoumata KABA (since 19 April 2023)chancery: 2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 986-4300FAX: [1] (202) 986-3800email address and website:
http://guineaembassyusa.org/en/welcome-to-the-embassy-of-guinea-washington-usa/consulate(s): Los Angelos - Diplomatic representation from the US
- chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Mary E. DASCHBACH (since 15 July 2025)embassy: Transversale No. 2, Centre Administratif de Koloma, Commune de Ratoma, Conakrymailing address: 2110 Conakry Place, Washington DC 20521-2110telephone: [224] 65-10-40-00FAX: [224] 65-10-42-97email address and website:
[email protected]
https://gn.usembassy.gov/ - International organization participation
- ACP, AfDB, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- Independence
- 2 October 1958 (from France)
- National holiday
- Independence Day, 2 October (1958)
- Flag
- description: three equal vertical bands of red (left side), yellow, and green
meaning: red stands for the people's sacrifice for liberation and work; yellow for the sun, the riches of the earth, and justice; green for the country's vegetation and unity
history: uses the colors of the Pan-African movement
note: the colors from left to right are the reverse of those on the flags of neighboring Mali and Senegal - National symbol(s)
- elephant
- National color(s)
- red, yellow, green
- National anthem(s)
- title: "Liberté" (Liberty)lyrics/music: unknown/Fodeba KEITAhistory: adopted 1958
- National heritage
- total World Heritage Sites: 1 (natural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve
Economy 30 fields
- Economic overview
- growing but primarily agrarian West African economy; major mining sector; improving fiscal and debt balances prior to COVID-19; economy increasingly vulnerable to climate change; slow infrastructure improvements; gender wealth and human capital gaps
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $59.439 billion (2024 est.)Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $56.251 billion (2023 est.)Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $53.297 billion (2022 est.)
- Real GDP growth rate
- Real GDP growth rate 2024: 5.7% (2024 est.)Real GDP growth rate 2023: 5.5% (2023 est.)Real GDP growth rate 2022: 4% (2022 est.)
- Real GDP per capita
- Real GDP per capita 2024: $4,000 (2024 est.)Real GDP per capita 2023: $3,900 (2023 est.)Real GDP per capita 2022: $3,800 (2022 est.)
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $25.334 billion (2024 est.)
note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate - Inflation rate (consumer prices)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024: 8.1% (2024 est.)Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023: 7.8% (2023 est.)Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 10.5% (2022 est.)
- GDP - composition, by sector of origin
- agriculture: 29.6% (2024 est.)industry: 25.3% (2024 est.)services: 37.5% (2024 est.)
- GDP - composition, by end use
- household consumption: 67.4% (2024 est.)government consumption: 13.4% (2024 est.)investment in fixed capital: 32.1% (2024 est.)investment in inventories: -0.9% (2024 est.)exports of goods and services: 44% (2024 est.)imports of goods and services: -56.1% (2024 est.)
- Agricultural products
- rice, cassava, maize, groundnuts, oil palm fruit, plantains, potatoes, fonio, yams, sweet potatoes (2023)
note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage - Industries
- bauxite, gold, diamonds, iron ore; light manufacturing, agricultural processing
- Industrial production growth rate
- 7.1% (2024 est.)
note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency - Labor force
- 4.534 million (2024 est.)
note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work - Unemployment rate
- Unemployment rate 2024: 5.3% (2024 est.)Unemployment rate 2023: 5.3% (2023 est.)Unemployment rate 2022: 5.3% (2022 est.)
- Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
- total: 7.1% (2024 est.)male: 6.2% (2024 est.)female: 8% (2024 est.)
- Population below poverty line
- 43.7% (2018 est.)
note: % of population with income below national poverty line - Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018: 29.6 (2018 est.)
- Household income or consumption by percentage share
- lowest 10%: 3.5% (2018 est.)highest 10%: 23.1% (2018 est.)
- Remittances
- Remittances 2023: 2.2% of GDP (2023 est.)Remittances 2022: 2.6% of GDP (2022 est.)Remittances 2021: 2% of GDP (2021 est.)
- Budget
- revenues: $1.949 billion (2019 est.)expenditures: $2.014 billion (2019 est.)
- Public debt
- Public debt 2016: 41.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
- Current account balance
- Current account balance 2023: $2.288 billion (2023 est.)Current account balance 2022: $3.35 billion (2022 est.)Current account balance 2021: $4.639 billion (2021 est.)
- Exports
- Exports 2023: $12.008 billion (2023 est.)Exports 2022: $8.898 billion (2022 est.)Exports 2021: $10.266 billion (2021 est.)
- Exports - partners
- UAE 50%, China 36%, India 8%, Switzerland 1%, Spain 1% (2023)
note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports - Exports - commodities
- gold, aluminum ore, cocoa beans, crude petroleum, coconuts/brazil nuts/cashews (2023)
note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars - Imports
- Imports 2023: $8.365 billion (2023 est.)Imports 2022: $5.749 billion (2022 est.)Imports 2021: $5.353 billion (2021 est.)
- Imports - partners
- China 39%, India 9%, Netherlands 7%, Belgium 6%, UAE 4% (2023)
note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports - Imports - commodities
- refined petroleum, rice, garments, construction vehicles, cars (2023)
note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars - Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $1.887 billion (2023 est.)Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $2.11 billion (2022 est.)Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021: $2.183 billion (2021 est.)
- Debt - external
- Debt - external 2023: $3.764 billion (2023 est.)
- Exchange rates
- Currency: Guinean francs (GNF) per US dollar -Exchange rates 2020: 9,565.082 (2020 est.)Exchange rates 2019: 9,183.876 (2019 est.)Exchange rates 2018: 9,011.134 (2018 est.)Exchange rates 2017: 9,088.319 (2017 est.)Exchange rates 2016: 8,967.927 (2016 est.)
Energy 6 fields
- Electricity access
- electrification - total population: 47.7% (2022 est.)electrification - urban areas: 91%electrification - rural areas: 21.3%
- Electricity
- installed generating capacity: 1.06 million kW (2023 est.)consumption: 3.624 billion kWh (2023 est.)transmission/distribution losses: 424.356 million kWh (2023 est.)
- Electricity generation sources
- fossil fuels: 25.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)hydroelectricity: 74.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- Coal
- imports: 400 metric tons (2023 est.)
- Petroleum
- refined petroleum consumption: 32,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
- Energy consumption per capita
- Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 5.235 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Communications 6 fields
- Telephones - fixed lines
- total subscriptions: 0 (2022 est.)subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1
- Telephones - mobile cellular
- total subscriptions: 15.3 million (2022 est.)subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2022 est.)
- Broadcast media
- government maintains control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private TV stations; many privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services (2022)
- Internet country code
- .gn
- Internet users
- percent of population: 27% (2023 est.)
- Broadband - fixed subscriptions
- total: 1,000 (2022 est.)subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1
Transportation 6 fields
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- 3X
- Airports
- 16 (2025)
- Heliports
- 1 (2025)
- Railways
- total: 1,086 km (2017)standard gauge: 279 km (2017) 1.435-m gaugenarrow gauge: 807 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge
- Merchant marine
- total: 2 (2023)by type: other 2
- Ports
- total ports: 4 (2024)large: 0medium: 1small: 0very small: 3ports with oil terminals: 2key ports: Benti, Conakry, Kamsar, Victoria
Military and Security 6 fields
- Military and security forces
- Guinean (or National) Armed Forces (Forces Armées Guinéennes): Army, Air Force, Navy, National Gendarmerie
Ministry of Security: National Police (2025)
note: the Gendarmerie and National Police share responsibility for internal security; Guinea's military and security forces are sometimes collectively referred to as the Defense and Security Forces - Military expenditures
- Military Expenditures 2024: 2.1% of GDP (2024 est.)Military Expenditures 2023: 2.1% of GDP (2023 est.)Military Expenditures 2022: 1.8% of GDP (2022 est.)Military Expenditures 2021: 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)Military Expenditures 2020: 1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
- Military and security service personnel strengths
- estimated 10-12,000 active Armed Forces (2025)
- Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
- the Guinean military's inventory consists almost entirely of ageing Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with small amounts of secondhand arms from China, France, Russia, and South Africa (2025)
- Military service age and obligation
- 18 years of age for voluntary and selective conscripted service; 9-12 months of service (2025)
- Military - note
- the Guinean military is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; in 2021 the Army’s special forces led a military overthrow of the government; the military-led government has since been accused of cracking down on dissent, the media, and political opposition; border security is a key focus for the Guinean military, particularly a territorial dispute with Sierra Leone that dates back to 2001 (2025)
Transnational Issues 1 field
- Refugees and internally displaced persons
- refugees: 2,343 (2024 est.)IDPs: 5,160 (2024 est.)
Frequently asked
- What is the population of Guinea in 2025?
- Guinea has a population of 15.10 million (15,099,727) according to World Bank, World Development Indicators data for 2025.
- What is the capital of Guinea?
- The capital of Guinea is Conakry.
- How large is the economy of Guinea?
- Guinea's GDP is $28.35B (2025, World Bank, World Development Indicators), which is $1,877 per capita.
- Who leads Guinea?
- Head of state: Mamady Doumbouya (since October 1, 2021). Head of government: Bah Oury (since February 27, 2024). Source: Wikidata, checked August 11, 2026.
Guinea