What is the population of San Marino in 2025?

San Marino has a population of 34,109 (34,109) according to World Bank, World Development Indicators data for 2025.

What is the capital of San Marino?

The capital of San Marino is City of San Marino.

How large is the economy of San Marino?

San Marino's GDP is $2.03B (2023, World Bank, World Development Indicators), which is $59,871 per capita.

Who leads San Marino?

Head of state: Denise Bronzetti (since April 1, 2025). Source: Wikidata, checked August 11, 2026.

San Marino

Most Serene Republic of San Marino

Updated August 12, 2026

Population

34,109

2025 · World Bank

GDP

$2.03B

2023 · World Bank

GDP per capita

$59,871

2023 · World Bank

Area

61 km²

mledoze/countries reference dataset

Capital

City of San Marino

Median age

48.6 yrs

2025 · UN WPP

CIA World Factbook map of San Marino, showing major cities, rivers and neighbouring countries — Map from The World Factbook, final edition. Public domain (17 U.S.C. § 105); boundary representation is not necessarily authoritative.

Capital: City of San Marino
Region: Europe
Subregion: Southern Europe
Area: 61 km²
Neighbours: 1
Languages: Italian

#217 of 238 in population #193 of 222 in GDP #228 of 252 in area #24 of 213 in GDP per capita #2 of 228 in life expectancy

Leadership

Head of state: Denise Bronzetti; In office since April 1, 2025

Wikidata (CC0), checked August 11, 2026. Frozen Factbook mirrors still list the officeholders of January 2026.

Then and now

The CIA World Factbook stopped updating in January 2026. This is what has changed since its final edition.

Final CIA World Factbook figures of January 2026 versus current data for San Marino
Indicator	Factbook, final edition	Current	Change
Population	35,2912025	34,1092025	-3.3%
GDP (nominal)	$1.83B2022	$2.03B2023	+10.7%
Inflation rate	1.2%2024	2.3%2025	+1.1 pp

Trends since 2000

Population +27% since 2000

26,799 (2000) 34,109 (2025)

GDP +101% since 2000

$1.01B (2000) $2.03B (2023)

GDP per capita +59% since 2000

$37,601 (2000) $59,871 (2023)

Inflation +60% since 2004

1.4% (2004) 2.3% (2025)

World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0).

6 facts about San Marino

01 San Marino ranks 217 of 238 in population, with 34,109 people as of 2025.
02 Its economy produced $2.03B in 2023, or $59,871 per person.
03 It shares land borders with 1 neighbour: Italy.
04 Population has grown 27% since 2000, from 26,799 to 34,109.
05 Prices sit at about 79% of United States levels (World Bank PPP data, 2023).
06 97% of the population uses the internet (2024).

Reference

Languages: Italian
Currency: Euro (EUR)
Calling code: +378
Internet TLD: .sm
Demonym: Sammarinese
ISO codes: SM · SMR · 674

Land borders

Italy

Compare San Marino

San Marino vs Italy

The Factbook archive 111 fields · 10 categories

The complete World Factbook entry for San Marino: 111 fields and 169 sub-entries across 10 categories, kept whole as historical reference. A United States Government work in the public domain, reflecting data as of the final January 2026 edition; the live figures above supersede the fast-moving numbers in it. Last CIA update: January 18, 2026.

San Marino and neighbouring land. Geometry: Natural Earth (public domain).

Introduction 1 field

Background: Geographically the third-smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named MARINUS in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of the EU, although it is not a member. San Marino is negotiating an Association Agreement that is expected to allow participation in the EU’s internal market and cooperation in other policy areas by late 2024. Social and political trends in the republic track closely with those of its larger neighbor, Italy.

Geography 16 fields

Location: Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Geographic coordinates: 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Map references: Europe
Area: total: 61 sq km
land: 61 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: about one-third the size of Washington, D.C.
Land boundaries: total: 37 km
border countries: Italy 37 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain: rugged mountains
Elevation: highest point: Monte Titano 739 m
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
Natural resources: building stone
Land use: agricultural land: 38.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 33.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 5.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 16.7% (2023 est.)
other: 45% (2023 est.)
Irrigated land: 0 sq km (2022)
Natural hazards: occasional earthquakes
Geography - note: landlocked; an enclave of (completely surrounded by) Italy; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennine Mountains

People and Society 28 fields

Population: total: 35,291 (2025 est.)
male: 17,035
female: 18,256
Nationality: noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese
Ethnic groups: Sammarinese, Italian
Languages: Languages: Italian
major-language sample(s):
L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions: Roman Catholic
Age structure: 0-14 years: 14.2% (male 2,614/female 2,387)
15-64 years: 64.3% (male 10,916/female 11,648)
65 years and over: 21.5% (2024 est.) (male 3,414/female 4,116)
Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 56.5 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 22.2 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 34.3 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio: 2.9 (2025 est.)
Median age: total: 46.3 years (2025 est.)
male: 44.5 years
female: 47.4 years
Population growth rate: 0.55% (2025 est.)
Birth rate: 9.04 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate: 8.9 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Net migration rate: 5.36 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 97.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population: 4,000 SAN MARINO (2018)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth: 31.9 years (2019)
Maternal mortality ratio: 8 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Infant mortality rate: total: 6.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
male: 7.4 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 84.2 years (2024 est.)
male: 81.7 years
female: 87 years
Total fertility rate: 1.54 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate: 0.74 (2025 est.)
Drinking water source: improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure: Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 8% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 29.5% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density: 4.63 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Sanitation facility access: improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure: Education expenditure (% GDP): 2.9% of GDP (2022 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget): 13% national budget (2023 est.)
Literacy: total population: 99.9% (2022 est.)
male: 99.9% (2022 est.)
female: 99.9% (2022 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 16 years (2015 est.)
male: 15 years (2015 est.)
female: 16 years (2015 est.)

Environment 7 fields

Environmental issues: air pollution; urbanization decreasing rural farmlands; water shortage
International environmental agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Land use: agricultural land: 38.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 33.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 5.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 16.7% (2023 est.)
other: 45% (2023 est.)
Urbanization: urban population: 97.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Particulate matter emissions: 9.8 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Waste and recycling: municipal solid waste generated annually: 17,200 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 45.1% (2016 est.)

Government 23 fields

Country name: conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino
etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who founded a monastic settlement on Monte Titano in the early 4th century
Government type: parliamentary republic
Capital: name: San Marino (city)
geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: named after Saint MARINUS, who founded a monastic settlement on Monte Titano in the early 4th century
Administrative divisions: 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle
Legal system: civil law system with Italian civil law influences
Constitution: history: San Marino’s principal legislative instruments consist of old customs (antiche consuetudini), the Statutory Laws of San Marino (Leges Statutae Sancti Marini), old statutes (antichi statute) from the1600s, Brief Notes on the Constitutional Order and Institutional Organs of the Republic of San Marino (Brevi Cenni sull’Ordinamento Costituzionale e gli Organi Istituzionali della Repubblica di San Marino) and successive legislation, chief among them is the Declaration of the Rights of Citizens and Fundamental Principles of the San Marino Legal Order (Dichiarazione dei Diritti dei Cittadini e dei Principi Fondamentali dell’Ordinamento Sammarinese), approved 8 July 1974
amendment process: proposed by the Great and General Council; passage requires two-thirds majority Council vote; Council passage by absolute majority vote also requires passage in a referendum
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship: citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marino
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 30 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chief of state: co-chiefs of state Captains Regent Matteo ROSSI and Lorenzo BUGLI (for the period 1 October 2025 - 31 March 2026)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Luca BECCARI (since 8 January 2020)
cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council
election/appointment process: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term
most recent election date: co-chiefs of state: 1 April 2025

secretary of state: 28 December 2019
election results:
2025: Denise BRONZETTI (Reformist Alliance) and Italo RIGHI (Christian Democrat) elected captains regent: percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA

2024: Francesca CIVERCHIA (PDCS) and Dalibor RICCARDI (Free San Marino) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA

2019: Luca BECCARI (PDCS) elected Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
expected date of next election: co-chiefs of state: September 2025
Legislative branch: legislature name: Great and General Council (Consiglio grande e generale)
legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 60 (all directly elected)
electoral system: proportional representation
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 5 years
most recent election date: 6/9/2024
parties elected and seats per party: Christian Democratic Party of San Marino (PDCS) (22); Free (Libera) – Socialist Party (PS) (10); Future Republic (RF) (8); Party of Socialists and Democrats (PSD) (8); Tomorrow - Motus Liberi (5); Reformist Alliance (AR) (4); R.E.T.E. Citizens' Movement (3)
percentage of women in chamber: 35%
expected date of next election: June 2029
Judicial branch: highest court(s): Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII (consists of 12 members)
judge selection and term of office: judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms
subordinate courts: first instance and first appeal criminal, administrative, and civil courts; Court for the Trust and Trustee Relations; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges
Political parties: Domani - Modus Liberi or DML
Free San Marino (Libera San Marino) or Libera
Future Republic or RF
Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD
Reformist Alliance or AR
RETE Movement
Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party or PDCS
Socialist Party or PS
Tomorrow in Movement coalition (includes RETE Movement, DML)
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Damiano BELEFFI (since 21 July 2017); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN
chancery: 327 E 50th Street, New York, NY 10022
telephone: [1] (212) 751-1234
FAX: [1] (212) 751-1436
email address and website:
[email protected]

Republic of San Marino Permanent Mission to the United Nations
Diplomatic representation from the US: embassy: the United States does not have an Embassy in San Marino; the US Ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino, and the US Consulate General in Florence maintains day-to-day ties
International organization participation: CE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Schengen Convention (de facto member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Independence: 3 September 301 (traditional founding date)
National holiday: Founding of the Republic (or Feast of Saint Marinus), 3 September (A.D. 301)
Flag: description: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue, with the national coat of arms in the center; the main colors come from the shield on the coat of arms, which features three white towers on mountain peaks on a blue field; a wreath and a crown are around the shield, above a scroll with the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)

meaning: the towers represent the Guaita, Cesta, and Montale castles on Mount Titano; white and blue are said to stand for peace and liberty
National symbol(s): three peaks, each displaying a tower
National color(s): white, blue
National anthem(s): title: "Inno Nazionale della Repubblica" (National Anthem of the Republic)
lyrics/music: no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO
history: adopted 1894; the music for the anthem, which has no lyrics, is based on a 10th-century chorale piece
National heritage: total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: San Marino Historic Center and Mount Titano

Economy 24 fields

Economic overview: high-income, non-EU European economy; surrounded by Italy, which is the dominant importer and exporter; open border to EU and a euro user; strong financial sector; high foreign investments; low taxation; increasingly high and risky debt
Real GDP (purchasing power parity): Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $2.393 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2021: $2.218 billion (2021 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020: $1.947 billion (2020 est.)
Real GDP growth rate: Real GDP growth rate 2022: 7.9% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2021: 13.9% (2021 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2020: -6.6% (2020 est.)
Real GDP per capita: Real GDP per capita 2022: $70,900 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2021: $64,700 (2021 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2020: $56,000 (2020 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate): $1.832 billion (2022 est.)

note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Inflation rate (consumer prices): Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024: 1.2% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023: 5.9% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 5.3% (2022 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 0% (2022 est.)
industry: 37.6% (2022 est.)
services: 55.1% (2022 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 35.5% (2022 est.)
government consumption: 17.1% (2022 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 17.8% (2022 est.)
investment in inventories: 5.2% (2022 est.)
exports of goods and services: 197.4% (2022 est.)
imports of goods and services: -173% (2022 est.)
Agricultural products: wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Industries: tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Industrial production growth rate: 10.7% (2022 est.)

note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Remittances: Remittances 2022: 1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 1.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2020: 1.1% of GDP (2020 est.)
Budget: revenues: $841.03 million (2023 est.)
expenditures: $816.886 million (2023 est.)
Public debt: Public debt 2022: 103.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Taxes and other revenues: 17.8% (of GDP) (2022 est.)

note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Current account balance: Current account balance 2022: $284.256 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $100.118 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: $42.98 million (2020 est.)
Exports: Exports 2022: $3.616 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $3.23 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $2.439 billion (2020 est.)
Exports - partners: Germany 12%, Austria 10%, USA 9%, Romania 8%, Brazil 7% (2023)

note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities: washing and bottling machines, other foods, packaged medicine, woodworking machines, aircraft (2023)

note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports: Imports 2022: $3.169 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.94 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $2.232 billion (2020 est.)
Imports - partners: Germany 24%, Italy 13%, Netherlands 9%, Spain 9%, Poland 8% (2023)

note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities: garments, cars, electricity, animal food, footwear (2023)

note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $836.088 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $716.066 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021: $954.383 million (2021 est.)
Exchange rates: Currency: euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024: 0.924 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 0.925 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 0.951 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 0.845 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 0.877 (2020 est.)

Energy 1 field

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)

Communications 6 fields

Telephones - fixed lines: total subscriptions: 16,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2022 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular: total subscriptions: 41,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2022 est.)
Broadcast media: state-owned public broadcaster operates 1 TV station and 3 radio stations; receives radio and TV broadcasts from Italy (2019)
Internet country code: .sm
Internet users: percent of population: 87% (2023 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions: total: 12,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 36 (2022 est.)

Transportation 2 fields

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: T7
Airports: 1 (2025)

Military and Security 3 fields

Military and security forces: San Marino Military Corps (Corpi Militari Sammarinesi; aka Sammarinese Armed Forces or Forze Armate Sammarinesi): Fortress Guard Command (or Guard of the Rock), Uniformed Company of the Militias, Guard of the Great and General Council, Corps of the Gendarmerie

Ministry of Internal Affairs: Civil Police Corps (2025)
Military service age and obligation: 18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to serve in the military (2025)
Military - note: defense is the responsibility of Italy

Frequently asked

What is the population of San Marino in 2025?: San Marino has a population of 34,109 (34,109) according to World Bank, World Development Indicators data for 2025.
What is the capital of San Marino?: The capital of San Marino is City of San Marino.
How large is the economy of San Marino?: San Marino's GDP is $2.03B (2023, World Bank, World Development Indicators), which is $59,871 per capita.
Who leads San Marino?: Head of state: Denise Bronzetti (since April 1, 2025). Source: Wikidata, checked August 11, 2026.

Location